Flame production and control



Jan. 20, 1942. J JARES 2,270,443

FLAME PRODUCTION AND CONTROL Filed March 15, 1941 Z2 V I fit I I: I. 7a

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' INVENTOR 5 BY Mm.

Patented Jan. 20, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FLAME PRODUCTION ANDCONTROL Joseph J ares, Teaneck, N. J.

Application March 15, 1941, Serial No. 383,560 I (01. 67-1) 6 Claims.

tained will appear or are set forth in the course of the followingspecification.

The drawing accompanying and forming part of the specificationillustrates one practical commercial embodiment of the invention. Actualstructure however may be modified and changed as regards this particulardisclosure, all within the true intent of the invention as will beapparent from the following specification and broad scope of the claims.

Fig. 1 is a broken part sectional side elevation of one embodiment ofthe invention.

Fig. 2 is a broken detail view of one form of control valve for thepowder feed mechanism.

The burner'structure illustrated comprises a Venturi air-gas mixer 3,into the open end of which a nozzle 4, discharges, said nozzle heingconnected with a high pressure gas line 5. This gas line is shownequipped with a remotely controlled motor operated valve 6, which may beof conventional design and details of which are not shown.

A flame collecting and spreading head I, is shown set in a water sealtrough 8, on the upper end of the venturijsaid head being in the form ofan inverted truncated conical bowl having a substantially cylindricaldeflector and confining wall or flange 8, at the upper larger open endof the same,

The burner tip is shown as a hollow head 9, screwed into the upper endof the collar portion In, of the water seal and having a centralvertical port H, in the upper end of the same and a number of side ports12, discharging horizontally into the upwardly divergent walls of thespreader bowl.

The flame coloring or other material is supplied to the burner throughthe injector action of the air mixer.

In the illustration, flame coloring material in the form of powder issupplied from one or more hoppers I3, 14, etc., through a spout orspouts such as indicated at I5, into a groove or channel It, in arotating turntable II, which carries the material into the range ofsuction at the mouth of the venturi.

Usually, it is sufficient for the purpose, to simply have the groovedrim of the turntable rotate under the flared entrance to the venturi, atone side of the gas nozzle, substantially as indicated in Fig. 1.

In this relation of the parts, the powdered material carried by theturntable is entrained with the air drawn into the mixer and thencarried by the air-gas mixture into the combustion zone at the burnerhead.

A propeller I8, journalled on a support I9, over the central verticalburner port ll, homogenizes the mixture and spreads and throws the colorproducing material outward across the bowl and against the confining rim8, which thus may serve more or less as a bailie.

The upwardly angled propeller supporting arm I9, is shown as carried bya cover plate 20, removably secured over a handhole opening 2|, in theside of the collar I0 and the propeller is shown as of a size to passfreely downward through the central burner port and out through opening2|, thus to enable ready removal and replacement of this distributingstructure.

Ignition of the primary flame is effected in the illustration by a pilotindicated at 22, in the rim of the flame collector and whichmay be ofthe remote control of the electrically ignited type supplied with gasthrough a line 23, from the main gas supply line 5.

For colored flame effects, the mixture usually may be adjusted toproduce a Bunsen type flame, practically colorless and more or lessinvisible.

The main or primary flame is under immediate control of the motoractuated valve 6, which may be remotely controlled for starting,stopping or regulating the size of such flame. The flow of the air-gasmixture through the central burner port ll, keeps the distributingpropeller I8, in rotation.

The turntable ll, may be rotated by hand or by motor and becontinuously, intermittently or arbitrarily operated.

Similarly, the flame coloring chemicals may be supplied in any desiredrelation, amount or timing as by means of valves 24, in the deliveryspouts l5, operated electrically, for instance, from some remote controlpoint.

The structure of the feed control valves 24, may vary quite widely. Thusas shown in Fig. 2, they may consist each simply of a valve element 25,carried by a rod 26, acted on by spring 21, to

hold the valve closed upward against its seat, the opening of the valvebeing efiected by an electro-magnet 28, having a movable core 29,connected with the valve by a lever 30.

For producing a succession of colors, the materials required fordifferent colors may be arranged in layers in a hopper as indicated at31', Fig, 1. By using hoppers of difierent color producing materials andcontrol valves for each, the materials may be selected in any-order. toproduce any color effects desired.

As the gas flame supplies the necessary heat for volatilization of themetallic salts, it is not color materials any fuel elements, oxidizingagents or stabilizers, such as required for colon: production with thesolids used in firework dis.

plays.

or various mixtures of such salts.

Forreasons, of economy, it is usuallydesirable The inventioncontemplates use of any free flowing, preferably crystalline metallic.salt.

to dilute these metallic salts with some free flow--v ing combustiblematerial, which. in addition'to reducing total cost, gives increasedbulk, aiding in" better distribution By way of example, the pure.

metallicsalts may be diluted with small wood chips; spent coffeegrounds, shredded 'corn or other dust free light weight combustiblesub-i stance.

With dry sodium chloride, a brightyellow flame can-be created Yellowishgreen colors can .be

obtained with dry granulated copper sulphate.

Deep red is obtainable with stronium carbonate applied as. a coating tobalsa" wood. chips; shre'ddedicorn or cofi'eegrounds treated withlithium fluoride will produce bright crimson.

Sawdust may be used asthe' bulk material satu rated with chemicals togive the desired coloreffects. In such cases, it is preferable to treatthe material with awater-proofing" medium, such ,as ordinary dewaxed orwax free" alcoholic solution of shellac." Thiswater-proofing prevents'materials which may be hygroscopic from absorbing moisture, which wouldmake the powder sticky andpossiblyimpracticalto use in the mannerdisclosed.

While the turntable forms illustrated provide a desirable form ofconveyor for transferring flamecoloring materials from a point ofstorage to a point 'within'the suction zone of the air mixer; it iscontemplated that. other'forms of conveyors may be provided; such asthose of the endless belt type, or ribbons carrying pellets'or particlesof the color producing materials and the like.

While disclosed particularly for 'coloredflame.

continuous or discontinuous, in the latter event, it being in the natureof a series of separate receptacles for the material to be injected. Thesize of the turntable may vary to suit different circumstances and somay be quite large to carry a considerable amount of material, or berela tively small. If desired, the turntable may be enclosed more orless, particularly to prevent escape of light powders.

What .is claimed .is:

1. Apparatus of the character disclosed, comprising a gas-air mixer ofthe injector type, a

conveyor having a range of travel from a point necessary or desirable toinclude with the solid removed from the field of suction into the fieldof suction at the inlet end of said gas-air mixer and means'forsupplying material of a character adapted to be removed by the injectorsuction,

to said conveyor at a'point removed from the in-- fluence of suction ofsaid gas-air mixer.

2. Apparatus of the character disclosed, comprising a gas-air mixer "of'the "injector type;ya

conveyor'having a range of travel from a point removed from the .fieldof suctioninto the field of suction at the inlet end of said gas-airmixer and one or more supply reservoirs having valved dischargescontrollable to deposit material on said conveyor at a point removedfrom the field of suction.

3. In apparatus of the "character disclosed, an uprightgas-air mixer ofthe injector typeya substantially horizontally disposed turntablemounted to rotate into the range of suction created by said mixer andmeans for depositing materials to be combined with the gas-air mixeronto said turntable.

4. In apparatus of the character disclosed, an

upright gas-air mixer. of the injector type, a substantiallyhorizontally disposed. turntable mounted to rotate into the range ofsuction created by said mixer, means for depositingmaterials to becombined with the gas-air mixer onto said turn-' table and including oneor more material holding hoppers located above and positioned todischarge onto said turntable.

5. In apparatus of the character disclosed, an

upright gas-air mixer of the 'injectortypaa subs: stantiallyhorizontally disposed turnt'ablemount ed to rotate into the range ofsuction created by. said mixer, means for depositing materials to becombined with the gas-air mixer onto said 1turn-'- table, said turntablehaving a gmaterial receiwi" ing and, confining groove.

of the Venturi tube and a rotary distributor at the central burner port.

JOSEPHJJARESL'

